Ⅰf Statements Based on the Unit
The United States of America is a developed country and also a booming country,which has a history of only 200~300 r the USA was founded,the American Civil War broke out in 1861,which brought suffering to the people of the USA,especially those in the ilding the South became an essential task at that unit mainly talks about the rebuilding and development of the American Atlanta is a good also deals with the bison on the plains of use the bison was killed in huge numbers by European settlers,the balance of the whole wildlife was r learning the unit,we let the students learn about the early history of des,some useful expressions and phrases should be mastered,and Non-finite verbs need to be reviewed,especially their passive forms.
Ⅱhing Goals
about the USA.
tise describing places.
ew Non-finite Verbs(2).
e a comparison essay.
Ⅲground Information
American Civil War
The war of 1861~1865 between the northern states (the Union) and the southern states (the Confederacy) is also called the War between the States or the War of the e were many causes,of which the most important were disagreement over slavery,and the quarrel concerning Federal control and States’ direct cause of the war was the election of Lincoln as President;this was followed by the secession of the southern states from the Union and the founding of the Confederacy,with Jefferson Davis as its North had many advantages,a far greater population,more railway lines,and more the Confederates fought hard and were at first successful:they won the battles of Bull Run and Fredericksburg;but then Lee was defeated at Gettysburg and the Union army led by Grant won control of ral Farragant forced New Orleans to surrender:Texas,Arkansas and Louisiana were cut off from the rest of the r the Union won the Vicksburg campaign,Sherman made his march through Georgia to the sea,and Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomatton Court House,Virginia,on April 9,oln was assassinated in the same ery was declared period after the war (Reconstruction),when the South was occupied by the Worth,left bitterness that has not yet entirely ng Reconstruction the southern states were admitted back into the Union.
War of American Independence
(Also called the Revolutionary War 1775~1783)
The struggle of the thirteen British colonies in North America for independence ended in the forming of the main causes of the war were taxes imposed by the British government, Stamp Tax of 1765 and the Tea colonies rebelled in 1775;the first shots were fired at Lexington,and the First battle was faught at Bunker continental Congress appointed General Washington as leader of its forces,and issued the Declaration of Independence on July 4,ral Burgoyne led a British army down from Canada but was forced to surrender at Saratoga (Oct.1777) was supposed to meet the army of General Howe,who managed to occupy ington spent the hard winter of 1777~1778 at Valley Forge,and had difficulty in keeping his men together,France (1778),Spain (1779)and the Netherlands (1780)joined the war against ish forces under Cornwallis won victories in the South where Britain had some popular support,but Cornwallis was defeated at Yorktown,Virginia,and forced to surrender (Oct.19/1781),which practically brought the war to an sea,Britain had to fight to keep her naval supremacy,but after Yorktown the American ports were lost one by war was ended by the Treaty of Paris,1783,which recognized the independence of the USA.
ery in the United States
The African ancestors (祖先) of today’s black Americans were brought to the US as slaves in the seventeenth,eighteenth,and nineteenth worked on farms,especially the large farms in the southern ly they became a necessary part of the economic (经济) system (体制) of the South.
Slaves did not have the right of people;according to the law,they were a “thing” which belonged to the person who bought had to obey the orders of their owners without were not allowed to learn to read;their owners feared the educated slaves would begin to think about the injustice of the system and would learn to struggle for their es had to work long hours in very unhealthy r owners had complete power over could be bought and sold like the slave markets,black children were separated from their parents and never allowed to see them e owners had the right to punish the slaves who broke the law or was against the es were often beaten or even killed by their r the Civil War,one free slave reported that his owner killed an older slave who was teaching him to theory an owner who treated a slave badly could be practice,however,the law meant nothing.
Opposition to slavery began very early in the history of the US-in 1671-but little progress was made until the beginning of the nineteenth 1804 slavery was illegal (非法的) in the northern it continued,and even grew,in the southern states,which depended on cotton for their economic ery,ended in the South only after the Civil blacks,however,the end of slavery was only a beginning,the late beginning of a long and difficult struggle for true justice.
Ⅳhing Time:Five periods
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
n about the USA.
some listening.
tise describing places to train the students’ speaking ability.
Teaching Important Points:
n the students’ listening ability.
ove the students’ speaking ability by practising describing places using the following useful sentence patterns:
How long/wide/high/tall is the…?
It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.
There is…in the North.
It looks like…
Teaching Difficult Points:
to improve the students’ listening ability.
to help the students carry out the task of speaking.
Teaching Methods:
ening-and-answering activity to help the students go through with the listening material.
ussion to help the students learn about the US.
vidual,pair or group work to make every student have a chance to work in class.
Teaching Aids:
multimedia
blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step Ⅱ Lead-in
T：Now,let’s begin our t,I’ll give you some information about the history of a se guess which country it en is a very young country in the world,which has only a history of 200~300 people in the country are immigrates The head office of the UN was set up World Wars didn’t take place it is the strongest country of the you guess it?
Ss: USA.
Step Ⅲ Warming-up
T:You’re y we’re going to learn Unit 16 The United States of America (Bb:Unit 16 The United States of America),let’s have a quiz to see how much you know about the USA.(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
Decide if the following sentences are true or e“T”or“F”in the brackets.
York is the largest state in the US. ( )
state names come from Spanish or English. ( )
nta is known as the“Big Apple”. ( )
Constitution was written in 1779. ( )
e are 52 stars on the American flag. ( )
ge Washington was the first American President. ( )
first settlers arrived in North America about 30 000 years ago. ( )
Mississippi River is the longest river in the world. ( )
T:Well,please do it by r a while,I’ll check your that clear?
Ss:Yes.
(After a few minutes,teacher checks the students’ answers.)
T:The first one,true or false?
S1:False.
T:Please correct it.
S1:New York is the largest city in the US.
T: second one?
S2:True.
T:What about the third one?
S3: York is known as the “Big Apple”.
…
Suggested answers:
4.F The Constitution was written in 1787.
5.F There are 50 stars on the American flag.
6.T
7.T
8.F The Mississippi is one of the important rivers in the world.
T:A good job!Now,open your books and turn to Page se look at the map of the USA and find out the following cities and states:New York,Washington,Florida,Taxas, California,Alaska.
(A few minutes later,teacher says the following.)
T:Please look at the first place is it?Any volunteer?
S4:It is the famous White House,where the president of the US works and lives with his family.
T:Do you know how it got its name?
S4:No.
T:Who knows?
S5:At first,it was made of gray stone and called the President’s ng the war of 1812,it was burned by British rwards,it was walls were painted white to cover up marks left by the people began calling the President’s Palace the White name caught on and has remained in use ever since.
T:Wonderful!Next,let’s look at the second is a famous city,which is it?
S6:New York.
T: you guess when the picture was taken?
S6:I think it was taken before the date September 11,2001.
T:How do you know?
S6:Because in the picture,we can see many g them,the World Trade Centre and the Empire State Building are most famous,but now the World Trade Centre has already was exploded by terrorists.
T:Oh,What a pity!Do you know anything else about New York?
Ss:No.
T:New York is America’s cultural capital,where there is the statue of Liberty,the skyscrapers,了the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue,and the many theatres on attan,the smallest island in New York,is the real centre of the people say “New York City” they usually mean 1605,the first Europeans came to Manhattan from bought the island from the American Indians for a few glass necklaces,worth about $ most crowded part of New York is perhaps Harlem,where most Black Americans crime rate is among the highest in the Western world.I hope one day some of you will have a chance to visit you have enough confidence?
Ss:Yes.
T:,work in pairs or a list of things you know about the USA and what you’d like to know more about.(Teacher may encourage the students to make a ral minutes later,teacher collects their charts.)
Sample diagram:
Step Ⅳ Listening
T: have talked more about the let’s listen to a radio programme about New York to help Wang Xiao correct the errors in her to the next ’s look at Ex.1 in the listening are the notes taken by Wang Xiao after he listens to a radio programme about New t read it by I’ll play the tape for you to r that,please correct his errors.
(Teacher plays the tape for the first r playing it,teacher gives the students one or two minutes to do last,teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)
T: let’s listen to the tape again and then answer some concerned re listening,you need to go through with the questions.(Teacher gives the students one minute to read the play the tape for the second r that,give the students enough time to discuss the answers and check them.)
T:Well se listen to Part 2 of the listening material and then choose the best answers to the question in Ex.3.
(Teacher deals with Ex.3 in the same necessary,play the tape again.)
Step Ⅴ Speaking
T:Everyone loves his own hometown,which is beautiful in their ,let’s talk about our me where your hometown is,Wang Kai.
S7:My hometown lies on the plain of North China.
T:Are there any mountains,rivers or forests?
S7:e is the famous Mount Taihang to the west,Fenhe River in the centre and a railway from Datong to Fenglingdu across my hometown.
T:What does the landscape look like?
S7:Very e are thick forests,clean rivers and pleasant urces of minerals are also rich,which is called “the Sea of Coal” places of interest,like the ancient city Pingyao,Yungang Rock Cave and Mount Wutai are famous in the world.
T:Well done!Now,look at the last part-Speaking at Page ’s do some se one of the cards and ask each other can use a map to help re speaking,please look at the sentence patterns on the may be of great help to you.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
How long/wide/high/tall is the…?
It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.
There is…in the North.
It looks like…
Can you make a sentence using each sentence pattern on the screen?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who can try the first sentence pattern?
S8:How tall is the building?
T:er the question,please.
S8:It’s about 100 feet tall.
T:Very a sentence with the next sentence volunteer?
S9:There is a famous mountain in the north.
T: down, last one?
S10:It looks like a bird’s nest.
T:Good job!Now,work in pairs to talk about your a while,I’ll ask some students to act out their dialogues before the you clear about that?
Ss:Yes.
T:Begin,please.
(Teacher goes among the students and joins them.)
T:(After a few minutes)Are you ready?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who’d like to act out your dialogue in front of the class?
(Two students stand up and act out their dialogue before the class.)
Sample dialogue:
A:Could you tell me where your hometown is?
B:My hometown is on the plain of North China,which has a population of 5 000.
A:Is it beautiful?
B: lies to the east of Mount Taihang and west of Haihe railway from Beijing to Guangzhou crosses e is fertile land,rich resources,simple people and developed is a brilliant pearl on the plain.
A:Very beautiful!Would you like to take me to visit your hometown if possible?
B:Of course.I’m glad to act as your about your hometown?
A:On the Loess Plateau lies my hometown.
B:The Loess Plateau?It must be very inaccessible and backward.
A: hometown is not far from the Yellow River,which is more than 5 000 metres traffic is convenient,four seasons clear,climate cool and resources of minerals rich,like coal,iron…I believe my hometown will become more beautiful in the near future.
Step Ⅵ Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we’ve mainly learnt something about the USA by speaking and des,we’ve talked about our hometown using the useful sentence patterns,such as:How long/wide/high/tall is the…?It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.…(Teacher writes them on the blackboard.)After class,surf the Internet to get more information about the USA,such as the history of the last,don’t forget to preview the reading ’s all for s is over.
Step Ⅶ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 16 The United States of America
The First Period
Useful Sentence Patterns:
How long/wide/high/tall is the…?
It’s…metres/feet long/wide/high/tall.
There is…in the North.
It looks like…
Step Ⅷ Record after Teaching